The exhibition All Art Is Virtual proposes that all art can provide a virtual reality experience—no special goggles required. The contemporary artworks on view use cutting-edge, creative technologies such as algorithmic content generation, video and LED sculpture, digital murals, augmented reality wallpaper, interactive video and sculpture, and internet-driven animation.
Artists include AES+F, Refik Anadol, Chando Ao, Michael Bell-Smith, Paul Stephen Benjamin, Daniel Canogar, Craig Dorety, Claudia Hart, Jenny Holzer, William Kentridge, Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, Frank Malina, Jean-Claude Marquette, Josiah McElheny, Kent Monkman, Matt Mullican, Nam June Paik, Sondra Perry, Jon Rafman, Kim Rugg, Jason Salavon, Siebren Versteeg, Francisco Sobrino, Josh Tonsfeldt, Theo Triantafyllidis, Universal Everything.
![Daniel Canogar](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/Canogar-Ripple-Animation-Still-2-TAF-Kate-Weinstein-2020.01.07-900x1600.png)
2016
Real-time generative custom software animation (color, silent), computer, internet connection, projection
© Daniel Canogar, collection of Carl & Marilynn Thoma
![Refik Anadol](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/2021.22-Anadol-Quantum-Memories-Nature-Studies-2021.06.25.jpeg)
2021
Single-channel digital video (color, sound)
© Refik Anadol, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Jean-Claude Marquette](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/f9b9970825aa3dc0ea62d9e02b2403a6.jpeg)
1971-77
Acrylic on canvas
© Jean-Claude Marquette, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Chando Ao](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/Ao-image-03.jpeg)
2020
Two sets of 4k cameras, camera stands, saddle chair, glass domes, 82" screens
© Chando Ao, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Francisco Sobrino](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/fd16ffcf0ae07ae9962bb628bb219caa.jpeg)
1966
Plexiglas, metal, wood, spring
© Artist or artist estate, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Claudia Hart](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/760a712dfc0ece88d60e0d2507e6a2d5.jpeg)
2020
Custom augmented-reality software (color, silent), custom wallpaper, tablet
© Claudia Hart, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Michael Bell-Smith](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/Bell-Smith-Up-and-Away-Animation-Still-7-TF-Kate-Weinstein-144dpi-5120x2880-2022.05.13-1600x900.jpeg)
2006
Single-channel digital video (color, sound), monitor
© Michael Bell-Smith, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Claudia Hart](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/Hart-The-Ruins-Animation-Still-1-Claudia-Hart-2020.11.13-1600x900.jpeg)
2020
Single-channel digital video (color, sound), monitor
© Claudia Hart, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Frank Malina](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/f2073c96b99d46945338d60ea9b87e77.jpeg)
1962
Lumidyne system: painted Plexiglas, mesh gauze, light sources, and electric motor in painted wood box
© Artist or artist estate, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Kim Rugg](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/98a1d162484737621c024f76e55fb2eb.jpeg)
2008
Found newspaper collage, mylar
© Kim Rugg, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Theo Triantafyllidis](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/Triantafyllidis-How-To-Everything-web-image.jpg)
2016
Generative custom software animation (color, sound), computer, monitor
© Theo Triantafyllidis, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Kent Monkman](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/Monkman_TheHumanZoo_TF_TimPorter.jpeg)
2015
Single-channel digital video (color, sound), 46" monitor, custom artist frame
© Kent Monkman, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Jon Rafman](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/745c6cb3a31b7b606409a7812bc47f62.jpeg)
2008-20
Single-channel digital video (color, silent), monitor
© John Rafman, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Sondra Perry](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/a457ddd4f59547a5bc3587468c4fd50b.jpeg)
2016
Single-channel digital video (color, sound), three-monitor workstation, rowing machine, Eco styler hair gel
© Sondra Perry, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Matt Mullican](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/Mullican-Untitled-Video-Still-1-TF-Kate-Weinstein-144dpi-3780x2090-2022.05.13-1600x885.jpeg)
2005
Single-channel digital video (black and white, silent), monitor
© Matt Mullican, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Universal Everything](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/fb87c00b0145f8420201e480e0fd63fc.jpeg)
2010/2020
Single-channel digital video (color, sound), projector, speakers
© Universal Everything, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Rafael Lozano-Hemmer](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/1f7f8adcdb555a6766af5f8e450fc0fb.jpeg)
2019
Generative custom software animation (color, silent), computer, monitor
© Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Jenny Holzer](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/13bec970a64eea724f42599c86d6fcfa.jpeg)
2007
Custom electronics, double-sided light-emitting white diode sign, stainless steel housing and base
© Jenny Holzer, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Josiah McElheny](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/cbcd745f04a4856a58ecc0624e49440a.jpeg)
2019
Low-iron mirror, two-way mirror, electric light, and hand-blown, polished, and mirrored glass in an artist frame
© Josiah McElheny, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![William Kentridge](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/a496f3aa3e757eb34d960aac4882f0c8.jpeg)
2007
Single-channel digital video (color, sound), transferred from 35mm film, projector, cold rolled steel table, polished steel cylinder, circular cut paper
© William Kentridge, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Nam June Paik](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/84b7f5c8259de8cc9af33adc1b88575b.jpeg)
1989
Single-channel digital video (color, silent), 9" CRT monitor, 19" CRT monitor, artist-modified altar and cabinet, antenna, mixed-media altar offerings
© Estate of Nam June Paik, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Siebren Versteeg](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/3e4327c3482e29944c61f79ff0761ab0.jpeg)
2018
Real-time generative custom software (color, silent), computer, internet connection, monitor, custom mat and frame
© Siebren Versteeg, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![AES+F](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/4dffcbc01f486eb8a17d69b0607e1153.jpeg)
2015
Single-channel digital video (color, sound), projector
© AES+F, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Paul Stephen Benjamin](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/beb2b0dae5c6b38484dd415e70fc46fd.jpeg)
2015
Three-channel digital video (color, sound), 29 CRT monitors, 3 media players, cables
© Paul Stephen Benjamin, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Josh Tonsfeldt](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/af044b3553c1565df141d5fd8d2a8c7e.jpeg)
2017
Single-channel digital video (color, silent), LCD monitor, fiberglass cloth, urethane resin, pigments, found materials
© Josh Tonsfeldt, collection of the Carl & Marilynn Thoma Foundation
![Craig Dorety](/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2022/05/b4003efc05771b5cb86ea29d6c3733b9.jpeg)
2014
Custom electronics (color, silent), LEDs, Alupanel
© Craig Dorety, collection of Carl & Marilynn Thoma